1.
In vertebrates, changes in the mechanisms of fertilization and
embryonic
development have been of adaptive value. Compare these mechanisms and
indicate their contribution to the evolutionary success of the
following
animals:
A.
fish
B.
amphibian
C.
bird
D.
mammal
2.
Describe the role of the hypothalamus, the pituitary hormones, and the
ovarian
hormones in the regulation of the human menstrual cycle. Include in
your
discussion the concept of feedback control and the way in which
fertilization
of
the egg alters the menstrual cycle.
3.
What is gastrulation. What are the three primary germ layers? What
adult
tissues are derived from each?